Early Rearing Experience, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Activity, and Serotonin Transporter Genotype: Influences on the Development of Anxiety in Infant Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

نویسندگان

  • Amanda Dettmer
  • Amanda Michelle Dettmer
  • Melinda A. Novak
چکیده

EARLY REARING EXPERIENCE, HYPOTHALAMIC‐PITUITARY‐ADRENAL (HPA) ACTIVITY, AND SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENOTYPE: INFLUENCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANXIETY IN INFANT RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA) MAY 2009 AMANDA MICHELLE DETTMER, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON M.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Doctor Melinda A. Novak A gene x environment interaction exists in the expression of anxiety for both human and nonhuman primates, such that individuals who are carriers of the (s) allele of the serotonin transporter genotype (5‐HTTLPR) and exposed to early life stress are more at risk for exhibiting anxiety. The hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis has also been implicated in anxiety disorders but the relationship between early life/genotype, HPA activity, and anxiety is not well understood. Further, studies linking the HPA axis to anxiety have relied on “point” samples (blood and salivary cortisol) which reflect moments in time rather than long‐term activity. The purpose of this dissertation was three fold: 1) to examine anxious behavior in monkeys with different 5‐ HTTLPR genotypes and rearing environments across the first two years of life, 2) to compare long‐term HPA activity (as measured with hair cortisol) with acute HPA activity (as measured with salivary cortisol) in the same period, and 3) to determine which measure of HPA activity predicts anxiety and/or mediates the rearing/genotype influences on anxious behavior. Infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta, N=61) were

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تاریخ انتشار 2014